With the rapid evolution of data exchange in network environments, information security has\nbeen the most important process for data storage and communication. In order to provide such\ninformation security, the confidentiality, data integrity, and data origin authentication must be\nverified based on cryptographic encryption algorithms. This paper presents a new emerging trend\nof modern symmetric encryption algorithm by development of the advanced encryption standard\n(AES) algorithm. The new development focuses on the integration between Quantum Key Distribution\n(QKD) and an enhanced version of AES. A new quantum symmetric encryption algorithm,\nwhich is abbreviated as Quantum-AES (QAES), is the output of such integration. QAES depends on\ngeneration of dynamic quantum S-Boxes (DQS-Boxes) based quantum cipher key, instead of the\nordinary used static S-Boxes. Furthermore, QAES exploits the specific selected secret key generated\nfrom the QKD cipher using two different modes (online and off-line).
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